Effect of Sodium on Methanogens in a Two-Stage Anaerobic System

This study evaluated the effects of sodium on anaerobic biomass from second-stage reactor a two-stage digester. The results indicated that methanogens showed relatively high tolerance 2.4 g Na+ L−1. Microbial community analysis viable Methanomicrobiales was most abundant population by combined propidium monoazide cross-linking quantitative polymerase chain reaction technique. There shift towards higher abundance Thermotoga (0.02%), Clostridium (2.50%) and Methanoculleus (13.80%). Biomass activity in relation to increased concentrations investigated with adenosine triphosphate test coupled extracellular polymeric substances measurement. decreased 33 16 µg g−1 volatile suspended solids as 1.3 9.1 Higher EPS production, particularly greater predominance carbohydrates, stimulated concentrations. provides insights into superiority digester compared single-stage system.